Hydraulic press



April 9, 1929. G, DALE www HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed Dec. 14, 1927 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 4 6602576562119 BY 4 u ATTORNEYS EJQSAMZ Aprfifl 9, 1929. G. DALE HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed Dec. 14, 1927 2 Sheet s-Sheet 5 Z urd- INVENTOR 660 fizzle BY u ATTORNEYS Patented, Apr. 9,, 31929.

. entree stares mania PATENT s me;

' eiionen DALE, or BOSELLE PARK, NEW. JERSEY.

HYnnafILrc PRESS.

Application filed December 14., 1927. Serial no. 239,991.

movements andpressure the fluid pressure for operating said device being under the control of a single manually operated valve. One operation of this latter valve actuates the fluid pressure device to first admit low pressure fluid to the ram cylinder for the first portion of the working stroke of the ram and to later: automatically admit high pressure fluid for thefinal portion of the stroke. An.- other operationlof the valve causes the actuation of the fluid pressure device to release the fluidin the ram cylinder and also admits fluid to the ram drawback meansfor retracting the'ram. Thus the'ram isentirely controlled through simple mechanism ual operations.

Other objerits will appear hereinafter.

In the drawings: i

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my fluid pressure operated valve device;

Fig. 2, a fragmentary longitudinal section of said device with the valve in a different position; l

. Fig. 3 a central sectional view of the control or pilot valve which cooperates with the fluid pressure operated .device;

Fig. 4 a section taken on the line 4-4' o Fig. 5 a section taken on the line 5 5.of Fig. 4L; g I

Fig. 6 a diagraima'tic view of an entire hydraulic press a paratus including my fluid pressure valve device and the control valve;

- and Fig. 7 a detail sectional view showing anotlier adj'ustment of the control valve.

The fluid pressure operated valve device comprises a valve casing 1 which defines two cylinders 2 and 3 disposedin axial alinement and in endwise communication. The cylinder 2 is of greater diameter-than the cylinder 3 and its outer end is closed by-a cylinder head i. The cylinder 3 is longerthan the cylinder 2 and has its outer end closed by a cylinder head 5. These cylinder heads arebolted to the casing 1. Cylindrical linings or bushings by only two man- 6 and 7 are fitted in. the cylinders 2 and 3 respectively. P o

A. piston valve 8 is mounted in the two; connected cylinders 2 and3 and formed with a slidably fitted in. the lini'ng 6 of the large cylinder and thestem is slidably fitted in the lining 7 of the small eylinder. The piston head 9 isthreadedat its outer end as at 11 and formed with'a' flange 12 at its inner end. An annular gasket 13-01 channel form bottoms against the flange 12. A nut 14 is head 9 and a reduced stem'lO. The head is threaded upon the outer end of the piston head and a similar channel gasket 15 bottoms againstsaid nut and is opposed to the gasket 13 Encircling the piston head is a cylindrical spacer sleeve 16 whose ends are received in the channels of the gaskets. The

gaskets forma packing for the piston head and a tightening of the nut holds the gaskets and the sleeve assembled The piston stem 1s provided with similar packing means. The

outer portions. of the. stem are reduced to accommodate the packing and to form a shoulder 17 There are two packing assemblies, similar to that upon the piston head,

mdunted upon the piston stem and separated by a washer18; The opposed gaskets 19 of the 1111181" packing assembly bottom against the shoulder 17, and the washer 18 respectively and engage the spacer sleeve 20. The gaskets 21 of the outer packing assembly bottom piston stem and is formed to fit into the channel of the gasket24ci The packing assemblies and the washers are assembled end- "against the washer 18 and 'awasher 22 afnd engage the spacer sleeve 23. A similar gasket 1 24' bottoms against the outer washer 22, and

i a nut 25 is threaded upon the outer end of the wise upon the stem and when the nut is tightened the various parts are held assembled. The spacing sleeves 16, 20 and 23 of the piston packings are formed with apertureslfi g.

20 and 23* respectively to permit a free flow of fluid through the sleeves and around the gaskets. The gaskets, due to their form, are expanded by the fluid to closely fit the cylinder linings.

The valve casing1is formed with afianged base 26 which adapted to be securedto theupper end of the ram cylinder of a. press. The base is formed with a fluid, passage 27 which leads to theram cylinder and is bifur-' cated to provide two branches 28and 29. The

branch 28 leadsfrom an annular channel 30 extending around the inner 'face of the large .Cylinder 2 and the branch 29 leads from a similar channel 31 formed in the small cylinder 3. Circular rows of apertures 32 are formed in thelining 6 of the large cylinder to communicate with-the channel 30, and the lining 7 'of the small cylinder is similarly formed with apertures 33 which communicate' with the channel 31. Formed in the large cylinder head 4 is a port 34 to admit fluid from the supply tank of the press to the -cylinder 2 for causing one operation of the piston valve. The small cylinder head 5 is formed with a port 35 to admit fluid from the press pump to the cylinder 3 for another operation of the valve. Formed in the upper side of the casing 1 is a port 36 which extends downward through the cylinder lining 6 to the large cylinder 2 at the inner end of the latter. This ort admits fluid from the supply tank. imilarly another port 37 is formed in the upper side of the casing, ex-

' tends downward through the cylinder lining 7 and opens into the small cylinder 3 at a point intermediate the ends thereof. This port 37 admitsfluid from the pump.

In Fig. 6 l have shown the-valve device mounted upon the ram cylinder C of the press and operatively connected to the other parts of the press apparatus. The tank T of the apparatus has a fluid connection 38 leading to the port 34 of the valve device, a connection 39 leading to the port 36 of said device, acon nection 40 leading to the pump P and aconnection 41 leading to a pilot valve device 42. The device 42 comprises a valve seat 43, a

. valve chest 44 and a pilot slide valve 45 within the chest and slidable upon the seat. The valve has an operating stem 46 which is sl dably mounted in stufing boxes at the ends of thechest. Pivotally mounted at one end of the chest is an operating lever '47 whose lower and 54 for connecting theports of the two pairs respectively. A fluid connection 55,

, leads from the. port 51 to the ram draw-back cylinders D of the press. The companion port 51 leads to the supply tank connection 41. From the port 52 a fluid connection 56 leads to the port 35 of the fluid pressure op- I erated valve device to provide fluid for op:

.erating the piston valve 8. The port 52 leads to an exhaust connection 57 and has a restriction plug 58 threaded into it.

The pump P receives water from the supoia ply tank T, and the connection 48 leading from the pump to the Valve chest 44 is constantly open so that. the chest is kept constantly-supplied with high pressure pump fluid. The connection 38 leading from the tank T to the port 34 is also constantlyo Jen so that there is a constant and relatively ow tank fluid pressurein the large cylinder of the casing 1 tending'to force the piston valve 8 to the right, as viewed in the drawings. Assuming that the press ram R is elevated and it is desired to start it upon a working stroke to apply pressure, the control or pilot valve lever 47 is manually operated to move the valve 45 to application position as shown in -Figs. '3, 4, 5, and 6. Fluid then exhausts from the draw-back cylinders I) through the connection 55, the port 51 of the valve seat 43, the'valve cavity 53, (see Fig 3) the port 51*"i'n the seat and the connection 41 which leads tothe supply tank T, the fluid being forced along this course by the. gravitation of the ram and its connected parts. Simultaneously the valve cavity 54 (see Fig. 5)

connects the ports52 and 52 so that fluid is free to exhaust from the small cylinder 3 of the casing 1 and relieve the pressure which tends to hold the piston valve 8 to the left.

This exhaust is however, restricted by the plug 58. The purpose of this restriction is to'delay or retard the movement of the piston valve to the right and permit fluid to flow from the tank T to ther'am cylinder through 'the connection 39, the port 36, the lining apertures 32, channel 30 and passage 27. In the left hand position of the piston valve the apertures 32 are uncovered to' permit the passage of the fluid rearwardly of the piston head. There is thus a free passage for the admission of relatively low pressure tank fluid to the ram cylinder for the first part of the working stroke of the ram. Wereit not for the exhaust restriction 58 the tank pressure constantly present at the left of the piston valve might, in some apparatus, predominate too quickly and force the piston valve to the right to close the apertures 32 and shut off the admission of tank fiuid to the ram cylinder too early in the ram stroke. By the use of a restriction plug this movement may, when necessary, be properly timed. In the present adjustment of the control valve 45 the port 49 in the valve seat is uncovered and the fluid at pump pressure which is constantly in the valve chest is free to flow therefrom through the connection 50 to the port 37 of the casing 1 and into the small cylinder Here, however, it is trapped by the packing of the piston valve stem and prevented from flowing to the ram cylinder until the latter portion of the ram stroke.

When the pressure to the right ofthe piston valve 8 has reduced suficiently t rough the restriction 58the valve is moved 0 the right to bring the packing sleeve 20 beneath haust through said port 35.

'tures the port 37 and permit the, high pressure tures 33, the channel 81, and out through the i passage 27 to the ram cylinder. This access of high pressurepump fluid gives the ram its working pressure. The admission of this high pressure'is properly timed by the restriction plug 58 whose capacity is chosen in accordance with the size of' the press and" the results required. The plug may he read ily replaced by other plugs of ditl'erent ca-v pacities to adapt the valve device to work properly with dilierent presses. The use of the restriction'plug 58 to control the exhaust is desirable in order to permit theuseof a large port to provide for a quick in-flow of fluid for the operation of the valve 8, and at the same'time provide a properly timed exl/Vhen the. ram is to be retracted to release the pressure, the operator operates the lever 47 to move the pilot valve to release position shown in Fig. 7 The valve then closes the port 49 and shuts oif the flow of high pressure pump fluid to the ram cylinder through the connection 50. It also closes the ports 51 and 52 and uncovers the ports 51 and 52. The exhaust from thecasing 1 to the right ofthe piston valve, 8 is then shut 0E and high pressure pump fluid flowsfrom the valve chest 44 to the casing through the port 52, connection 56 and port 35.0f the cylinder head. This accession of high pressure fluid predominates over the tank fluid pressure at the left of the piston valve and forces the valve back to the left, uncovering the aper- 32. Simultaneously, high pressure pump fluid is admitted to the ram draw-back cylindefs through the valve chest 44;, the port 51 and the connection This fluid raises the draw-back pistons and elevates the ram. Since the apertures 32 have been uncovered the fluid displaced by the rising ram is forced through them and back through the connection 39 to the supply tank T. Thus it will be seentliat the ram is entirely controlled by two simple movements of the pilot valve.

1 The valve is moved in either direction until it abuts fixed stops so that no skill or care is required for itsoperation. Havingso operated the pilot valve the fluid pressure operated valve can be-relied upon to automatically con trol the ram movements in the prop- 0 er manner.

While I have illustrated and described what I now consider the preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish to be limited to this'pre-cise disclosure but. reserve the right to make such ch angcs as Will lie within,

the scope of the claims. The location and character of the restrictionmeans 58, for example, is capable of being varied without departing from the spirit. of the invention.

In the claims the terms supply tank and pump include as equivalents @any suitable sources of relatively low pressure fluid and high pressure fluid respectively.

What-I, claim is i 1. A valve device for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate in said casing; a connection through said casing and under the control of thefvalve to permitekchangcs of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid'under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tankfluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ramcylinder connection andto close said tankand ram cylinder connection; and a connection to lead fluid under pump. pressure to the casingfor moving the valve in the reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connectionand to re-cstablish the connection between the ram cylinder and tank.

, 2. An apparatus for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate-in said casing; a .connection through said [casing and under the control of the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cyl inder connection; a connection to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in the reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to re-establish the connection between the ram cylinder and'tank; and manually operable means tocontrol theadmission and exhaust of said valve-moving pump fluid and thereby cause the valve movements.

3'. An apparatus'for controlling the moveof the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and a ram cylinder; a

connection underthe' control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank .fluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cylinder connection; a connection to lead fluid under pump.\pressure tog the casing for moving the valve in reverse direction to close the pump pressure ments of a hydraulic press ram and ram drawback means, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate in said casing; a connection through said casing and under the control of the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the, ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the easing for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cylinder con nection; a connection to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to re-establish the connection between the ram cylinder and tank; and'manually operable control means to simultaneously admit pump fluid to the valve casing and to the ram drawback means and to simultaneously exhaust pump pressure from the valve casing and from the draw-back means, thereby to cause the valve and ram movements.

5. A valve device for controlling the move ments of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate in said casing; a con nection through said casing and under the control of said valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to thc casing for moving the valve in one di'rec-' tion to close said ram cylinder and tank connection; and a connection to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in the reverse direction to reestablish the tank and rain cylinder connection.

6. An apparatus for controlling the move ments of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocatein said casing; a connection through said casing and under the control of said valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction to close said ram cylinder and tank connection; a connection to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in the reverse direction to 're-establish the tank-and ram cylinder connection; and

means to control the admission and exhaust of said valve-movin pump pressure and thereby cause the valve movements.

'1. A valve device for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram, comprising avalve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate-in said casing; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a'eonnection to lead fluid from a tank to the casing for moving the valve inv one direction to open said pump and ram cylinder connection; and aconnection' to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in 'the reverse direction; and closing, the pump and ram cylinder connection.

8. An apparatus for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate in said casing; a connection through said casing and under the control of the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between asupply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank andram cylinder connection; a connection to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in the reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to re-establish the connection between the ram cylinder and tank; control means to adinit said valve-moving pump fluid to the casing; and means to exhaust said-valve-moving fluid at a slower rate than its rate of admis sion thereby to retard the movements of the valve by thetank fluid.

9. An apparatus for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram' and draw-back means, comprising a valve casing;

a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to reciprocate in said casing; a connection through said casing and under the control of the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a

connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the casing for inoving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cylinder connection; a connection to lead fluid under pump pres sure to the casing for moving the valve in reverse d1rect1on to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to re-establish the connection between the ram cylinder and tank; control means to simultaneously admit pump fluid to the valve casing and to the ram draw-back means in one position and to simultaneously exhaust pump pressure from the valye casing-and from the drawback means in another. position, thereby to cause the valve and ram movements; and means to restrict the exhaust of said valvemoving pump fluid from the casing thereby to retard the movement of the valve by the tank fluid.

10. An apparatus for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve pressure operated draw-back mechanism connected to the ram; a pump; a supply tank; a fluid pressure operated reciprocable piston valve device connected to the ram cylinder and to the supply tank to permit a fluid flow between the tank and the ram cylinder, said piston valve having an enlarged head at one end; means whereby the enlargedhead of said piston valve will be subject to fluid pres sure from'the tank to move the reciprocable valve to close communication between the mounted to reciprocate in said casing; a contank and the cylinder; means connecting the nection through said casing and under the control ot the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the'ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ramcylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cylinder connection; a connection to lead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in the reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connec-' tion and to re-establish the connection be- Y tween the ram cylinder and tank; means to control the admission and exhaust of said valve-moving pump fluid and thereby cause the valve movements; and ,means to retard the movement of the valve by the tankfluid. 11. A hydraulic press apparatus comprisiiig a ram cylinder; a ram. therein; a fluid,

pressure operated draw-back mechanism connected to the ram; a fluid pressure operated ram control valve device connected to the ram cylinder to direct fluid to and from the latter; and a manually operable pilot valve to control the movements of the fluid pressure operated valve device and the draw-back mechanism. i

12. A hydraulic press apparatus comprising a ram cylinder; a ram therein; a fluld pressure operated draw-back mechanism connected to the ram; a pump; a supply tank; a fluid pressure operated) reciprocable valve device connected to the ram cylinder and to the 1 supply tank to permit a fluid flow between the tank and the ram cylinder; means where- 1 by fluid pressure from the tank will tend'to to move the reciprocable valve in the opposite move the reciprocable valve in one directionto close communication between the tank and the cylinder; means connecting the pump to p the fluid pressure valve to-permit pump-fluid direction to open communication between the I 1 pump and the ram cylinder; and a valvecontrolling communication betweenthe pump,

, the draw-back mechanism and the valve device and between the said valve device'and an I exhaust port I I v 13. A hydraulic press apparatus compr1sing a ram cylinder; a ram therein; a fluid pump to the fluid pressure valve to subject the smaller end of the piston valve tofluid'm pressure from the pump to move the recipro cable valve to open communication between the ram cylinder and the tank; and a valve in one position controlling communication i between the pump, the draw-back mechanism and thevalve device and in another position controlling communication between the said valve device and-an exhaust port.

- 14. A hydraulic press apparatus comprising a ram-cylinder; a ram therein; a supply tank; a fluid pressure operated draw-back mechanism connected to the ram; a fluid pressure operatedram control valve device connected to the ram cylinder to direct fluid to andv from the latter; a single manually operable pilot valve having an application position and a release position, the said pilot valve in application position controlling the delivery of pump pressure to theram cylinder through the control valve device and also controlling the exhaust of said pump pressure from the control valve device thereby to permit the tank pressure to move said device into position to permit the pump pressure to flow to the ram cylinder; means whereby the manually operable pilot valve in application position will exhaust pressure from the draw- -'back mechanism; and means whereby said pilot valve in its release position will connect the pump to the draw-back mechanism and to the reciprocable control valve device to move said valve deviceinto position to connect the ram cylinder to the tank.

A hydraulic press apparatus-comprising a ram cylinder; ,a ram therein; a tank; a press pump; afluid pressure op'eratedreciprocable ram control valve, means connecting the control valve to the tank to direct tank pressure against oneend of the valve; a con: nection between the pump and the said valve;

means whereby the control valve in' one posi 'tion will connect the pump to the ram cylin-v A der' and close communication between the tank and the ram cylinder; means whereby the control valve in another position will open communication between the ram cylinder and the tank andv close communication between the ram'cylinder and the pump;

means to deliver pump pressure against one end of the reciprocable control valve to oppose tank pressure delivered against the other end of. the said valve, said pump pressure moving the said valve into position to connect the pump to the ram cylinder; a manually operable pilot valve, in application position controlling the delivery of the pump pressureto the control valve for moving the ram on its working stroke, and the exhaust of said valve-moving pump pressure from the control valve thereby to permit the tank pressure to move the Control valve to permit pump pressure to flow to the ram cylinder; hydraulic draw-back means connected to the ram; and means whereby the manually operable pilot valve in application position will exhaust pressure from the draw-back mechanism, and in its release position will connect the pump to the draw-back mechanism, and to the reciprocable control valve to move said valve to position to connect the ram cylinder tothe tank.

16. An apparatus for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram comprising a valve casing; a fluid pressure operated valve mounted to shift in said casing; a connection through said casing and under the control of the valve to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder; a connection under the control of said valve to lead fluid under pump pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder; a connection to lead tank fluid to the casing for moving the valve in one direction toestablish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cylinder connection; a connection tolead fluid under pump pressure to the casing for moving the valve in the reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to re-establish the connection between the ram cylinder and tank; and manually operable means to control the admission and exhaust of said valve moving pump fluid and thereby cause the valve movements.

1?. A valve device for controlling the movements of a hydraulic press ram, comprising a valve casing defining a large cylinder and a small cylinder disposed end to end and communicating with each other; a fluid pressure operated valvo forming a large piston and a small piston mounted to reciprocate in said large and small cylinders respectively, the small piston extending from one end of the larger one and reducing the face thereof; a connection leading transversely through saidlarge cylinder to permit exchanges of fluid between a supply tank and the ram cylinder, adapted to be opened by the outward movement of the large piston and closed by inward movement thereof a connection leading transversely through said small cylinder to conduct fluid under pressure through the casing to the ram cylinder, adapted to be opened by outward movement 'oif the small piston and closed by inward movement thereof; a connection to lead tank fluid to the outer end of the large cylinder for moving the valve in one direction to establish said pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to close said tank and ram cylinder connection; a connection to lead fluid under pumppressure to the outer end of the small cylinder for moving the valve in the reverse direction to close the pump pressure and ram cylinder connection and to re-establish'the connection between the ram cylinder and tank; and manually operable means to control the admission and exhaust of said valve-moving pump fluid and thereby cause the valve movements.

In testimony whereof ll hereunto afiix my signature.

GEORGE DALE. 

